php trim亂碼是因為在執(zhí)行rtrim時,會將0x81去掉,導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)亂碼,其解決辦法就是通過“mb_rtrim($tag, "、",$encoding)”方法解決亂碼即可。
本文操作環(huán)境:windows7系統(tǒng)、PHP7.1版,DELL G3電腦
首先運行以下代碼:
$tag = "互聯(lián)網(wǎng)產(chǎn)品、"; $text = rtrim($tag, "、"); print_r($text);
我們可能以為會得到的結(jié)果是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)產(chǎn)品,實際結(jié)果是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)產(chǎn)?。為什么會這樣呢?
科普
PHP 里使用mb_前綴的都是多字節(jié)函數(shù) http://php.net/manual/zh/ref….
比如
$str = "abcd"; print_r(strlen($str).""); // 4 print_r(mb_strlen($str).""); // 4 $str = "周夢康"; print_r(strlen($str).""); // 9 print_r(mb_strlen($str).""); // 3
mb_系列函數(shù)是以“多個字節(jié)組成的一個字符”為顆粒度來操作的,不帶mb_則是按實際的字節(jié)數(shù)來操作的。
原理
trim 函數(shù)文檔
string trim ( string $str [, string $character_mask = " " ] )
該函數(shù)不是多字節(jié)函數(shù),也就是說,漢字這樣的多字節(jié)字符,會拿其頭或尾的單字節(jié)來和后面的$character_mask對應(yīng)的char數(shù)組進行匹配,如果在后面的數(shù)組中,則刪掉,繼續(xù)匹配。比如:
echo ltrim("bcdf","abc"); // df
如下面的 demo 中的函數(shù)string_print_char所示:
、由0xe3 0x80 0x81三字節(jié)組成,
品由0xe5 0x93 0x81三字節(jié)組成。
所以在執(zhí)行rtrim的時候,通過字節(jié)比對,會將0x81去掉,導(dǎo)致了最后出現(xiàn)了亂碼。
【推薦學(xué)習:《PHP視頻教程》】
源碼探究
查看 PHP7 的源碼,然后提煉出下面的小 demo ,方便大家一起學(xué)習,其實PHP源碼的學(xué)習并不難,每天進步一點點。
// // main.c // trim // // Created by 周夢康 on 2017/10/18. // Copyright ? 2017年 周夢康. All rights reserved. // #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> void string_print_char(char *str); void php_charmask(unsigned char *input, size_t len, char *mask); char *ltrim(char *str,char *character_mask); char *rtrim(char *str,char *character_mask); int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) { printf("%s",ltrim("bcdf","abc")); string_print_char("品"); // e5 93 81 string_print_char("、"); // e3 80 81 printf("%s",rtrim("互聯(lián)網(wǎng)產(chǎn)品、","、")); return 0; } char *ltrim(char *str,char *character_mask) { char *res; char mask[256]; register size_t i; int trimmed = 0; size_t len = strlen(str); php_charmask((unsigned char*)character_mask, strlen(character_mask), mask); for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { if (mask[(unsigned char)str[i]]) { trimmed++; } else { break; } } len -= trimmed; str += trimmed; res = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * (len+1)); memcpy(res,str,len); return res; } char *rtrim(char *str,char *character_mask) { char *res; char mask[256]; register size_t i; size_t len = strlen(str); php_charmask((unsigned char*)character_mask, strlen(character_mask), mask); if (len > 0) { i = len - 1; do { if (mask[(unsigned char)str[i]]) { len--; } else { break; } } while (i-- != 0); } res = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * (len+1)); memcpy(res,str,len); return res; } void string_print_char(char *str) { unsigned long l = strlen(str); for (int i=0; i < l; i++) { printf("%02hhx ",str[i]); } printf(""); } void php_charmask(unsigned char *input, size_t len, char *mask) { unsigned char *end; unsigned char c; memset(mask, 0, 256); for (end = input+len; input < end; input++) { c = *input; mask[c]= 1; } }
如果覺得 demo 還不夠清晰的,復(fù)制下來,自己執(zhí)行一次吧~
C 語言基礎(chǔ)較差的同學(xué)也不用擔心,我準備后面專門寫一個PHP小白學(xué)習 C 語言的系列入門短文哈。
解決方案
那么我們就依葫蘆畫瓢,用 php 本身的多字節(jié)函數(shù)來實現(xiàn)下吧:
function mb_rtrim($string, $trim, $encoding) { $mask = []; $trimLength = mb_strlen($trim, $encoding); for ($i = 0; $i < $trimLength; $i++) { $item = mb_substr($trim, $i, 1, $encoding); $mask[] = $item; } $len = mb_strlen($string, $encoding); if ($len > 0) { $i = $len - 1; do { $item = mb_substr($string, $i, 1, $encoding); if (in_array($item, $mask)) { $len--; } else { break; } } while ($i-- != 0); } return mb_substr($string, 0, $len, $encoding); } mb_internal_encoding("UTF-8"); $tag = "互聯(lián)網(wǎng)產(chǎn)品、"; $encoding = mb_internal_encoding(); print_r(mb_rtrim($tag, "、",$encoding));
當然你也可以使用正則來做。通過上面的函數(shù)學(xué)習,單字節(jié)函數(shù)和多字節(jié)函數(shù),你學(xué)會了嗎?
PHP7 相關(guān)源碼
PHP_FUNCTION(trim) { php_do_trim(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAM_PASSTHRU, 3); } PHP_FUNCTION(rtrim) { php_do_trim(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAM_PASSTHRU, 2); } PHP_FUNCTION(ltrim) { php_do_trim(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAM_PASSTHRU, 1); } static void php_do_trim(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS, int mode) { zend_string *str; zend_string *what = NULL; ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_START(1, 2) Z_PARAM_STR(str) Z_PARAM_OPTIONAL Z_PARAM_STR(what) ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_END(); ZVAL_STR(return_value, php_trim(str, (what ? ZSTR_VAL(what) : NULL), (what ? ZSTR_LEN(what) : 0), mode)); } PHPAPI zend_string *php_trim(zend_string *str, char *what, size_t what_len, int mode) { const char *c = ZSTR_VAL(str); size_t len = ZSTR_LEN(str); register size_t i; size_t trimmed = 0; char mask[256]; if (what) { if (what_len == 1) { char p = *what; if (mode & 1) { for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { if (c[i] == p) { trimmed++; } else { break; } } len -= trimmed; c += trimmed; } if (mode & 2) { if (len > 0) { i = len - 1; do { if (c[i] == p) { len--; } else { break; } } while (i-- != 0); } } } else { php_charmask((unsigned char*)what, what_len, mask); if (mode & 1) { for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { if (mask[(unsigned char)c[i]]) { trimmed++; } else { break; } } len -= trimmed; c += trimmed; } if (mode & 2) { if (len > 0) { i = len - 1; do { if (mask[(unsigned char)c[i]]) { len--; } else { break; } } while (i-- != 0); } } } } else { if (mode & 1) { for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { if ((unsigned char)c[i] <= ' ' && (c[i] == ' ' || c[i] == '' || c[i] == '' || c[i] == ' ' || c[i] == '' || c[i] == '')) { trimmed++; } else { break; } } len -= trimmed; c += trimmed; } if (mode & 2) { if (len > 0) { i = len - 1; do { if ((unsigned char)c[i] <= ' ' && (c[i] == ' ' || c[i] == '' || c[i] == '' || c[i] == ' ' || c[i] == '' || c[i] == '')) { len--; } else { break; } } while (i-- != 0); } } } if (ZSTR_LEN(str) == len) { return zend_string_copy(str); } else { return zend_string_init(c, len, 0); } } /* {{{ php_charmask * Fills a 256-byte bytemask with input. You can specify a range like 'a..z', * it needs to be incrementing. * Returns: FAILURE/SUCCESS whether the input was correct (i.e. no range errors) */ static inline int php_charmask(unsigned char *input, size_t len, char *mask) { unsigned char *end; unsigned char c; int result = SUCCESS; memset(mask, 0, 256); for (end = input+len; input < end; input++) { c=*input; if ((input+3 < end) && input[1] == '.' && input[2] == '.' && input[3] >= c) { memset(mask+c, 1, input[3] - c + 1); input+=3; } else if ((input+1 < end) && input[0] == '.' && input[1] == '.') { /* Error, try to be as helpful as possible: (a range ending/starting with '.' won't be captured here) */ if (end-len >= input) { /* there was no 'left' char */ php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Invalid '..'-range, no character to the left of '..'"); result = FAILURE; continue; } if (input+2 >= end) { /* there is no 'right' char */ php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Invalid '..'-range, no character to the right of '..'"); result = FAILURE; continue; } if (input[-1] > input[2]) { /* wrong order */ php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Invalid '..'-range, '..'-range needs to be incrementing"); result = FAILURE; continue; } /* FIXME: better error (a..b..c is the only left possibility?) */ php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Invalid '..'-range"); result = FAILURE; continue; } else { mask[c]=1; } } return result; } /* }}} */